•4. A
reduced vowel may be voiceless when it occurs after a voiceless stop (and before a voiceless stop).
•
• permission, tomato, compare, potato, catastrophe
•
• preparatory, introduction, replicate, complicate
•
•5. Vowels
are nasalized in syllables closed by a nasal consonant.
•
• ban, run, seen
•
•6. Vowels
are retracted before syllable final [É].
•
• peel, pail, pal